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I would advise against this, going for the family of friends is done to death, and as such many people don't really care when it happens. If you want to do this make sure there is a great amount of emotional impact or else it would mean nothing but a cliche.well if you one thing i think makes a good villain is if there like green goblin and venom are to spiderman. they dont just attack him but attack his family, friends, and anything else he loves. but then theres the villains that have powers that the hero fights time to time but even though there strong the not as bad as the arch enemie.
ExactlyLots of things. There's no formula for making an antagonist. Really, you shouldn't focus on making them good villains, but good characters. You can make your bad guy someone the reader or veiwer can identify with, someone representing some big, real world danger or evil, someone who is a victim of their own darkness, or even someone who isn't all that bad, but just happens to be on the other side of the arguement. Doesn't matter. You just have to make your bad guy more than a two dimensional plot device. He or she has to be a fully realized, three dimensional character with thoughts and feelings and morals and beliefs and interests and flaws and strengths and weaknesses that the audience, for whatever reason, cares about.
A decent motive.